Locking device.



G. E. PALMER'. LOCKING DEVICE.

IIN

III

Mmmm

HIIIIIHNI K Patented Aug. 8, 1911.

m 2 f6 ,.N/ o0 mmlllllllllllllll: m Tvnllllmwlullln f f m f "IIIIIIIIII- .l l IIIIIIIIIIhHI'IIIIIIIIIIIIII ww.w.|l| 1:9

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII l, son

GRANVILLE E. ALMER, 0F WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS LOCKING DEVICE.

specification. ietteralatent. Patented Aug. 8, 1911.

Application mea my s, 191e. serial iw. 559,165.

To alf whom 'it my concern:

Be it known'that I, GRANVILLE E. PALMER,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Winchester, coun'ty of Middlesex, State of 'Massachuretta have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lockingv Devices, of which .the following is a. full, clear, and exact description.

M invention relatesto improvements in locking devices and has for its object to produce a positive Clutch which vshall be free from objectionable friction, and not liable tobe affected by jarring. f

It also has for its object to producel a clutch which shall be positive in actionA and easily released.

The following is a -description of an embodiment of my invention, reference being had to the raccompanying drawing, in which,

Figure 1 represents a vertical section 0f a simple form of my invention, the parts being in unclutch'ed position; Fig. 2 repre.

sents the same in clutched position: Fig. 3 represents a horizontal section of Fig. `1 on the line ac w, Fig. 1; Fig. 4 represents a horizontal section of Fig. 2 on the line :gf-y,

Fig. 2; Figs. 5' and 6 show details of two movable members; Fig. 7 shows a vertical section of the preferred form, the parts being in clutched position; Fig. 8 shows a horizontal section of the same in unclutched Referring more particularly to the draw.

ings, 1 represents a stationary member or i abutment.

2 represents a movable abutment. 3 is an intermediate member movable relatively to both abutments 1 and 2. The

intermediate member 3 is provided with a recess 4 in which is located a detent 5. This detent is preferably of a form having a surface of revolution, the most desirable form.

depth is less than a radius of said ball. The abutment `1 is also provided with a recess 7,

which, when a hall datent is used, should 'also be of such a depth as to receive only a part of one half of the ball, being less than a radius thereof.

8 is a spring bearing against the collar 9 on a post 10 and tending to raise the member 2.

`11 is a spring bearing against the collar 12 on the post 13 and tending to .raise the intermediate member 3.

14 and 15 are downward extensions or rods projecting from the parts 2 and 3.

AThe action vof the device is as follows:

- lWith the parts as shown in Fig. 1, the parts a .2 and 3 are locked together by the bail 5 which is held forced partly into the recess 6 by the face ofthe stationary abutment 1. As the intermediate member 3 is moved downward by pressure on rodV 13, or pull on rod 15, the movable abutment 2 being locked to it, is moved downward also until the ball reaches the recess 7, whereupon the spring S can move the part 2 upward, which movement by reason of. the engagement of .the lower shoulder of the recess 6 with the de? tent 5 forces the detent- 5 into1 the recess 7. The movable abut-ment 2 continuesto rise so that the recess 6 passes away from the detent 5 and the plane surface of the movable abutment 2 holds the ball 5 rmly in the position shown in Fig. 2 so as to lock the intermedia-te member to the vstationary abutment 1. The engagement is positive and can not be aii'ected by jarring or the like. The clutch is then in closed position. To open the clutch, the movable abutment 2 is moved downward by pulling the rod 14 until the recess 6 comes opposite the detent 5. The

.intermediate member 3 then `moves upward and into the recess 6. The two parts 1 and 3 The clutching of the two parts 1 and Bt'ogether is adcompanied with substantially no friction'. The movement of the art- 2 and the part 3 in unclutching is a so accompanied with very little friction. The operation is not dependent on gravity and there is no spring acting directly on the detent.

ln the preferred form, the .stationary abutment ismade in the -forml of a' hollow` block or cylinder 1 having an annularrecess 7 whose upper edge provides the necessary surface for the detente to engage with.

Aviding the periphery into equal parts.

The movable abutment is made inthe form of a round rod 2 having an annular recess 6'.

holes 4 disposed in the vsame plane and d: corresponding number of ball detents 5 are used,'one for each recess or hole 4. From the-top of the intermediate member 3, a rod 15'v extends upward and vfrom the `bottom oi the member 2 a rod 14 projects downward. 8'vis a spring en aging a stop l9 and surroundin the .ro 14 and tending to move it an the member 2 upward. f

11'is a tension spring attached to the frame 12 and the lower. end of, the rod 15 which it surrounds, and tending to move it and the member upward. The operation is the same as in the .simple forniof Figs. 1 to 6. ing a plurality of detents with corresponding recesses, making a clutch of correspondingly greater strength. It also makes a clutch 1n which the reactions of thedetents 5 upon the releasing member or movable abutment 2 are balanced and in which the extent `of 'surface subject to friction is reduced. y i

As shown in-Fig. 13, detents 52 52 and re- .'cesses -6 6 and 7 7z maybe arranged one beyond the otheras well as sideby side as in Figs. 7 to 11. In this form, the detents each consist of two balls whose combined diameters are more than the thickness of the intermediate member 32. 'lhe parts, in other -particulars,are similar to those of Figs. "1

to 6. It is preferable to make the ad'acent parts having sliding contact of di erent metalsfso as to reduce lfriction. -I therefore make the abutments of steel and the inter- I mediate member of bronze or brass. Thedein the other abutment.

spring 8, which 'will have been put under p The inter-mediate member is made in the form of a tube 3 having a plurality o fj This makes a compactlform hav` tension by the movement of the abutment 1 y l and the parts connected thereto. The abutment 1 will thereupon be locked in its new position relatively Lto. the intermediate member 3 and can be released by a movement of the abutment Qsutlicient to bring the recess 'v again opposite the detent 5. y

y invention may be embodied-in electric switches, circuit breakers, time locks,

`and various other relations where it is deslrableto have no slip in the clutch at the moment-cf engagement or disengagement.

My mvention permlts of other embodiments and various modifications 1n the form and arrangement of the parts as will be evident to one skilled in the art.

That I claim ist y 1. In' a. locking device,'the 'combination of a primary abutment, a secondary abutment, :in intermediate member, one of said parts bein stationary and the others'bein'g indepen ently movable relativel to said station-v ary part and` to one anotv er,means normally tending to make said movable parts move relatively to said vstationary part, and a detent carried by said intermediate member, said abutmentshaving recesses for receiving partof said detent, each -abutment tending to cause -the detent when in its re-` cess and under strain to. move toward the other abutment. I

2. In a locking device, the combination of a primary abutment, a secondary abutment',

an intermedia-te member, 'one of said parts being stationary and the others being independently movable relatively to said stationary part and to one anot er, means'non mally tendingto make said movable parts move relatively to said stationary part, and a detent carried by said intermediate member, said abutments having recesses for-retending to cause the detent when in its recess and under strain to move toward the otherabutment, therecesses in said abutments being of a depth receive less than half of said detent.

-ceiving part of said detent, each abutment i 3. In a locking device, the combination of a primary abutment, a secondary abutment. an intermediate member, one of said arts being stationary andthe others being independently movable relatively to said stationary art and to one another, spring means tendin when under tension to make said movab eV parts move relatively to' said stationary part, and a detent .carried by said `intermediate member, said abutments having recesses for receiving part of said detent, each abutment tending to cause the detent when 'in its recess and under strain Ito move toward the other abutment. the recesses in said abutments being. of adepth to receive less than half of said detent, the thickness of said intermediate member being greater than onefhalf of said detent. l

4. In a locking device-"the combination of a stationary abutment, a movable abutment,

`an intermediate member movable relatively vto both abutments, spring means tendingr stationary abutment, the recesses in said.

when under tension to make said. movable abutment and said intermediate member move relatively to said fixed member, and a detent carried by, said intermediate member, saidv abutments having recesses for receiving part of said-detent, each abutment tending tocause the detent, when in its recess and under strain, to move toward 'the' recess' in the other abutment. i

5. In alocking device, the combination of a stationary abutment, a movable abutment, an intermediate member movable relatively 'to both of said. abutments, said intermediate member having a hole and saidabutments having recesses, a detent having a surface of revolution and llocated within said hole, spring meanstending when under. tension to cause said movable abutment and intermediate member to move relatively to said abutments being of a depth to receive less than half of said detent.

6. Ina locking device, -thev combination ofv astationary abutment, a movable abutment and an intermediate member movable relatively to both of said abutments, said intermediate member having ahole the diameterv of which is greater than the thickness of said intermediate member, a detent located WithinA -said hole and having a surface of revolution Aof a diameter greater than the thickness of said member, said abutments having recesses `capable of receiving less than half of said detent, and means normally tending to move said member andl movable abutment relatively to said stationaryv abutment.

7. In a'flocking device, the combination of a stationary abutment, a movable abutment and an intermediate member movable relatively to both of said abutmen'ts, said inter-` mediate memberhaving a hole, aball detent located'within said hole and having a dimension greater than-the thickness of said mem-v ber, 4said. abutments having recesses -each capableof receiving less than half of the cot acting, ball, and means normally tending to move said member and movable abutment relatively to said stationaryabutment. I

8.' In a locking device, the combination of a stationary abutment having a bore, a tubular intermediate-member fitting said bore, a movable abutment fitting the bore of said intermediate member, said intermediate member having a series of holes angularly disposed,.ball detents in said holes of greater dimensions than the thickness of the metal `of said member, lsaid abutmentshavingrecesses of a depth less than the radius of the balls of said detents, and means tending to cause said movable member and abutment to move relatively to said stationary abutment.'

9. In a locking device, the combination of a stationary abutment having a bore, a tubular intermediate member fitting said bore,- a movable abutment ittin the bore of said intermediate member, sai intermediate member having ai series of holes .angular-ly disposed, ball detents in said holes of a diameter greater than the thiekness of the metal of said member, said abutnilents having annular recesses of a depth less than the radius of the balls of said detents, and vmeans tending to cause said movable member and abutment to move relatively to said stationary abutment.

l0. In a locking device, the combination of -a stationary abutment havin a bore, a tubular intermediate member tting said bore, a movable abutment fitting the bore of member having a series of holesfangularly disposed, ball detents in said holes of a dimension greater than the thickness` of the metal of said member, said abutments having recesses of a depth less than the radius of the balls of said detents, and means tend` ing to cause said movable vmember and abutabutment, and' extensions from said movable abutmentand member for manually actuatin the'same.

of a primary abutment, a secondarv abutment, an intermediate member, sai mediate member surrounding one of said abutments and said other abutment sur-A rounding said intermediate member, one of said parts being stationaryl and the others being independently movable relatively, to

said stationary part and to one another,

-means forv moving said'movable parts relatively to said stationary part and toone ansaid intermediate member, said intermediate y .ment to move relatively to said stationary n a locking device, the combination interother, said intermediate member having al' plurality of passages therein angularly disposed, ball detents in each of said passages having a greater dimension than the thickness of said intermediate member, said abutment having recesses for receiving parts of said detents, each abutment tendingto cause each of said detents, `when partially YWithin a recess therein and under strain to move toward the other abutment, the recesses in said abutments being of a depth less than i the radii of the balls of said detents.

12. In a locking device, the combination of a primary abutment, a secondary abutment, an intermediate member, one of said parts being stationary and the others being independently movable relatively `to said stationary partand to one another, means normally tending to make said movable parts move relatively to said stationary part, and a detent carried by -said intermediate member', said abutments having shoulders for engaging parts of said detent, each abutment tending to cause said detent when in parts relatively to the other movable part and engagement with its shoulder and under strain to move out of such engagement and toward the other abutment.

` 13. In a locking device, the combination ,5 of a primary abutment, a secondary abutment, an intermediate member, one of said arts bei-ng stationary and the others being `Independently movable relatively to said stationary art and to one another, yielding means. terr ing to move one of the movable der and under strain to move out of such engagement and toward theother abutment. 14. In a locking device, the combination of a primary. abutment, a secondary abut-v ment, an intermediate member, one of said -f parts being'stationary and ythe others being Aindependently vmovable relatively to said stationary part and to one another, a spring tending to return one of said movable parts when manually moved relatively to said stationary member, a spring-tending to move the other movable part relatively to said last mentioned movable part, a detent within the intermediate member, and recesses yin said abutments having shoulders for engaging said detent, each abutment tending to cause said detent when in engagement with. its shoulder and under straln to move toward the other abutment.

GRANVILLE E. PALMER.

Witnesses:

H. B. BROWNELL, IDA M. HUNZIKER..

cortes o! this patent may be obtained for ve 4cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

. Washington, D. C.

[sean] It is hereby certified that 1n Letters Patent Noi 999,850, granted August 8, 1911,

upon the application of Granville E. Palmer, of Winchester, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Looking Devices, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 56, for the word abutment read ntamedate; and that lthe said Letters Patent should read with this'corre-ction therein that the same may conform rthe record of the casein the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of September, A. D., 1911.

E. B.v Moons, l

Gommssz'oner gf Patents.

' parts relatively to the other movable part and engagement with its shoulder and under strain to move out of such engagement and toward the other abutment.

` 13. In a locking device, the combination ,5 of a primary abutment, a secondary abutment, an intermediate member, one of said arts bei-ng stationary and the others being `Independently movable relatively to said stationary art and to one another, yielding means. terr ing to move one of the movable der and under strain to move out of such engagement and toward theother abutment. 14. In a locking device, the combination of a primary. abutment, a secondary abut-v ment, an intermediate member, one of said -f arts being'stationary and ythe others being Aindependently vmovable relatively to said stationary part and to one another, a spring tending to return one of said movable parts when manually moved relatively to said stationary member, a spring-tending to move the other movable part relatively to said last mentioned movable part, a detent within the intermediate member, and recesses yin said abutments having shoulders for engaging said detent, each abutment tending to cause said detent when in engagement with. its shoulder and under straln to move toward the other abutment.

GRANVILLE E. PALMER.

Witnesses:

H. B. BROWNELL, IDA M. HUNZIKER..

cortes o! this patent may be obtained for ve 4cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

. Washington, D. C.

[sean] It is hereby certified that 1n Letters Patent Noi 999,850, granted August 8, 1911,

upon the application of Granville E. Palmer, of Winchester, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Looking Devices, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 56, for the word abutment read ntamedate; and that lthe said Letters Patent should read with this'corre-ction therein that the same may conform rthe record of the casein the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of September, A. D., 1911.

E. B.v Moons, l

Gommssz'oner gf Patents.

It is hereby certified that'. m Letters Patent Nor 999,850, granted August 8, 1911,

upon the applioantion of Granville E. Palmer, of Winchester, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Locking Devices, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 56, for the word abutment read intermediate; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Gice.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of September, A. D., 1911.

[SEAL] E. B. MOORE,

Commissioner of Paten ta. 

